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  • The traumatic experience of Emilia-Romagna flood and its impact on Assumptions about the world, Time perspective, Eudaimonic well-being and gender
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  • The traumatic experience of Emilia-Romagna flood and its impact on Assumptions about the world, Time perspective, Eudaimonic well-being and gender

The traumatic experience of Emilia-Romagna flood and its impact on Assumptions about the world, Time perspective, Eudaimonic well-being and gender

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Manuela Zambianchi

First published March 15, 2026

Abstract

The study focused on the psychological impact of Romagna flood on people of the affected areas
through three theoretical perspectives adopted: the Theory of World Assumptions; the Time Perspective and
the Psychological-Eudaimonic Well-being. Evaluate these three dimensions in relation to whether or not they have
experienced concrete personal and/or professional -work related harm, gender, school education, age. Significant
differences were hypothesized between those who had experienced their types of harm compared to those who had
not, even though they lived in the same area. 131 subjects from Romagna flooded areas participated in the study. The
following questionnaires were submitted to the online Google Forms platform: Questionnaire on Assumptions on World;
Zimbardo Inventory on Time perspective, PWB Questionnaire. Positive correlations were found between Assumptions
about the World and Time perspective: Past negative, Present fatalistic and Future negative were negatively associated
with Assumptions on the World, with the exception of the belief Randomness of events, with positive association.
Psychological-Eudaimonic well-being appears positively associated with all Assumptions on World, with the exception
of Randomness of events, where the relationship is negative. Significant differences emerge for gender and type of
harm suffered. Self-employed women appear less confident in their ability to control the situation and exhibit a greater
perception of Randomness in events. Gender differences also appear in Time perspective for work-related harm, with
women exhibiting a more negative, pessimistic view of the future than men, along with a more fatalistic perception of
their present. The study confirmed the negative impact of flood on the population. Particular attention is required for
psychological support interventions to the population and for the greater vulnerability of female workforce in the face of
loss of self-employed instruments.

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Article info

Keywords:

Emilia Romagna

Eudaimonic well-being

Flood

Time perspective

Trauma

World assumptions

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Zambianchi Manuela . The traumatic experience of Emilia-Romagna flood and its impact on Assumptions about the world, Time perspective, Eudaimonic well-being and gender. BPA Applied Psychology Bulletin. 2026;20.
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