Disability as a job resource: The role of job crafting and organizational citizenship behaviours. Towards an approach to value diversity in organizations

Emanuela Ingusci, Fulvio Signore, Silvia Ortiz-Bonnin, Marta Giaccari, Federica Malerba, Paola Martino, Flavia Lecciso, Claudio Giovanni Cortese

Accepted December 2, 2022

First published December 16, 2022

https://doi.org/10.26387/bpa.2022.00010

Abstract

The number of employment opportunities afforded to people with disabilities in Italy is still not entirely
satisfactory. Managerial policies should build a more favourable context, full of stimuli, support and backing for the
promotion of good disability management practices within both private and public organizations. The aim of this study was to investigate how disability understood as a resource can positively influence the organizational climate and, consequently, the enactment of supportive and proactive behaviors, using the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) as a starting paradigm. Analyses were performed on 129 school educators in May 2021, who answered a structured questionnaire comprising several constructs, such as the perception of disability as a resource (2 items), job crafting (9 items) and extra-role behaviours (4 items). The mean age of the respondents was 51.6 years; most of them were female, married or cohabiting, and had a university degree. The study was performed through a non-parametric approach (PLS-SEM) and validated through bootstrap. Analyses showed that the relationship between disability as a resource and extra-role behaviors was partially mediated by the effect of job crafting. Results highlighted that workers with a predisposition to consider their colleagues with disabilities as a tool for growth are more likely to implement those behaviors that can improve the quality of organizational life and individual well-being, such as those oriented to proactivity and those aimed at expressing support, voluntary actions, and professional development even when this is not immediately required by the role.

References

  • AKABAS, S.H., GATES, L.B. & GALVIN, D.E. (1997). Disabilitymanagement: A complete system to reduce costs, increaseproductivity, meet employee needs, and ensure legal compliance. New York: AMACOM.

  • AMABILE, T. (1996). Creativity in context: Update to the socialpsychology of creativity. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.

  • BAKKER, A.B. & DEMEROUTI, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of ManagerialPsychology, 22 (3), 309-328.

  • BAKKER, A.B. & DEMEROUTI, E. (2014). Job demands-resourcestheory. In P.Y. Chen & C.L. Cooper (Eds.), Work and wellbeing: Acomplete reference guide. New York: John Wiley.

  • BAKKER, A.B. & DEMEROUTI, E. (2017). Job demands-resourcestheory:Takingstockandlookingforward.JournalofOccupationalHealth Psychology, 22 (3), 273.

  • BAKKER, A.B., DEMEROUTI, E. & VERBEKE, W. (2004). Usingthe job demands-resources model to predict burnout andperformance. Human Resource Management, 43 (1), 83-104.

    doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20004
  • BEATTY, J.E., BALDRIDGE, D.C., BOEHM, S.A., KULKARNI, M.& COLELLA, A.J. (2019). On the treatment of persons withdisabilities in organizations: A review and research agenda.Human Resource Management, 58 (2), 119-137.

    doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21940
  • BORMAN, W.C. & MOTOWIDLO, S.J. (1997). Task performanceand contextual performance: The meaning for personnelselection research. Human Performance, 10 (2), 99-109.

    doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1002_3
  • BRUCKER,D.L.&SUNDAR,V.(2020).JobcraftingamongAmericanworkers with disabilities. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation,30 (4), 575-587.

    doi.org/10.1007/s10926-020-09889-9
  • CORALLO, A., LATINO, M.E., MENEGOLI, M. & STRIANI, F.(2020).Whatfactorsimpactontechnologicaltraceabilitysystemsdiffusion in the agrifood industry? An Italian survey. Journal ofRural Studies, 75, 30-47.

    doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.02.006
  • CSIKSZENTMIHALYI, M. & SELIGMAN, M. (2000). Positivepsychology. American Psychologist, 55 (1), 5-14.

  • DEMEROUTI, E. & BAKKER, A.B. (2011). The job demands-resources model: Challenges for future research. SA Journal ofIndustrial Psychology, 37 (2).

  • DEMEROUTI, E., HEWETT, R., HAUN, V., DE GIETER, S.,RODRÍGUEZ-SÁNCHEZ, A. & SKAKON, J. (2020). Fromjob crafting to home crafting: A daily diary study among sixEuropean countries. Human Relations, 73 (7), 1010-1035.

    doi.org/10.1177/0018726719848809
  • DI FABIO, A. (2017). Positive healthy organizations: Promotingwell-being, meaningfulness, and sustainability in organizations.Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1938.

  • GEORGE,E.,LEVENSON,A.,FINEGOLD,D.&CHATTOPADHYAY,P. (2010). Extra-role behaviors among temporary workers: Howfirms create relational wealth in the United States of America. TheInternational Journal of Human Resource Management, 21 (4),530-550.

    doi.org/10.1080/09585191003612034
  • HAIR JR, J.F., HULT, G.T. M., RINGLE, C.M. & SARSTEDT, M.(2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equationmodeling (PLS-SEM). Sage publications.

  • HARLAN, S.L. & ROBERT, P.M. (1998). The social constructionof disability in organizations: Why employers resist reasonableaccommodation. Work and Occupations, 25 (4), 397-435.

    doi.org/10.1177/0730888498025004002
  • INGUSCI, E., CORTESE, C.G., ZITO, M., COLOMBO, L.,COLETTA, G., TORDERA, N., … & CIAVOLINO, E. (2018). AnItalian validation of the job crafting scale: A short form. Statistica& Applicazioni, 16 (2).

  • LICHTENTHALER,P.W.&FISCHBACH,A.(2019).Ameta-analysison promotion-and prevention-focused job crafting. EuropeanJournal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 28 (1), 30-50.

  • LOWE, G. (2012). Creating healthy organizations. University ofToronto Press. Retrieved from http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=none&isbn=9781442698772

  • LOWE, G. (2020). Creating healthly organizations, revised andexpanded edition: Taking action to improve employee well-being.University of Toronto Press.

  • MACCHITELLA, L., SIGNORE, F., INGUSCI, E., TORALDO, D.M.,ARIGLIANI, M., DE BENEDETTO, M., … & ANGELELLI,P. (2021). Coping strategies in mild-to-severe OSA patients:The role of job crafting in work-related behaviors. BPA AppliedPsychology Bulletin, 69 (291), 2-16.

    doi.org/10.26387/bpa.291.1
  • MACEY, W.H. & SCHNEIDER, B. (2008). The meaning of employeeengagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1 (1),3-30.

    doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.0002.x
  • NOTA, L., SANTILLI, S., GINEVRA, M.C. & SORESI, S. (2014).Employer attitudes towards the work inclusion of people withdisability. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities,27 (6), 511-520.

    doi.org/10.1111/jar.12081
  • ORGAN, D.W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The goodsoldier syndrome. Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books.

  • ORLOWSKI, M., BUFQUIN, D. & NALLEY, M.E. (2021). Theinfluence of social perceptions on restaurant employee workengagement and extra-role customer service behavior: Amoderated mediation model. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 62(2), 261-275.

    doi.org/10.1177/1938965520910119
  • PACE, F., INGUSCI, E., SIGNORE, F. & SCIOTTO, G. (2021).Human resources management practices perception and extra-role behaviors: The role of employability and learning at work.Sustainability, 13 (16), 8803.

  • PETROU, P., DEMEROUTI, E., PEETERS, M.C., SCHAUFELI,W.B. & HETLAND, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis:Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journalof Organizational Behavior, 33 (8), 1120-1141.

  • RUDOLPH, C.W., KATZ, I.M., LAVIGNE, K.N. & ZACHER, H.(2017). Job crafting: A meta-analysis of relationships withindividual differences, job characteristics, and work outcomes.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 102, 112-138.

  • SCHAUFELI, W.B. & BAKKER, A.B. (2004). Job demands, jobresources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement:A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior:The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational andOrganizational Psychology and Behavior, 25 (3), 293-315.

  • SELIGMAN, M.E. (2004). Authentic happiness: Using the new positivepsychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. Simonand Schuster.

  • SIGNORE, F., CATALANO, A., DE CARLO, E., MADARO, A. &INGUSCI, E. (2019). The role of employability in students duringacademic experience: A preliminary study through PLS-PMtechnique. Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis, 12(4), 720-747.

  • SIGNORE, F., CORTESE, C.G., PARISI, S., RUSSO, V., ZITO, M.& INGUSCI, E. (2020). Job crafting and well-being at work:An exploratory analysis during health emergency period. LaMedicina del Lavoro, 111 (6), 478-492.

  • SPARF, J. & OHMAN, S. (2014). On risk and disability investigatingthe influence of disability and social capital on the perceptionand digital communication of risk. Journal of Risk Analysis andCrisis Response, 4 (1), 20.

    doi.org/10.2991/jrarc.2014.4.1.3
  • STONER, J., PERREWÉ, P.L. & MUNYON, T.P. (2011). The role ofidentity in extra‐role behaviors: Development of a conceptualmodel. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 26 (2), 94-107.

    doi.org/10.1108/02683941111102146
  • SUNDAR, V. & BRUCKER, D.L. (2019). Personal and organizationaldeterminants of job satisfaction for workers with disabilities.Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 62 (3), 170-179.

    doi.org/10.1177/0034355218770272
  • TIMS, M. & BAKKER, A.B. (2010). Job crafting: Towards a newmodel of individual job redesign. SA Journal of IndustrialPsychology, 36 (2), 1-9.

  • TIMS, M., BAKKER, A.B. & DERKS, D. (2012). Development andvalidation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior,80 (1), 173-186.

  • VALLERAND, R.J. (1997). Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsicand extrinsic motivation. Advances in Experimental SocialPsychology, 29, 271-360.

    doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60019-2
  • WOLD, H. (2006). Partial least squares. In S. Kotz, C.B. Read, N.Balakrishnan, B. Vidakovic & N.L. Johnson (Eds.), Encyclopediaof Statistical Sciences. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.

    doi.org/10.1002/0471667196.ess1914.pub2
  • WRIGHT,P.M.,GEORGE,J.M.,FARNSWORTH,S.R.&McMAHAN,G.C. (1993). Productivity and extra-role behavior: The effects ofgoals and incentives on spontaneous helping. Journal of AppliedPsychology, 78 (3), 374-381.

    doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.3.374
  • WRZESNIEWSKI, A. & DUTTON, J.E. (2001). Crafting a job:Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academyof management review, 26 (2), 179-201.

  • YORKSTON, K.M., McMULLAN, K.A., MOLTON, I. & JENSEN,M.P. (2010). Pathways of change experienced by people agingwith disability: A focus group study. Disability and Rehabilitation,32 (20), 1697-1704.

    doi.org/10.3109/09638281003678317
  • ZIJLSTRA, F., MULDERS, H. & NIJHUIS, F. (2012). Inclusieveorganisaties: Op weg naar duurzame arbeidsparticipatie.Tijdschrift voor Arbeidsvraagstukken, 28 (1).

    doi.org/10.5117/2012.028.001.022
SHOW ALL REFERENCES (44)HIDE REFERENCES

Related articles

Article info

Issue:

Keywords:

Views:

1813

Downloads:

136

Cite the article:

Author Surname Author Initial. Title. Publication Title. Year Published;Volume number(Issue number):Pages Used. doi:DOI Number.


Ingusci Emanuela . Signore Fulvio . Ortiz-Bonnin Silvia . Giaccari Marta . Malerba Federica . Martino Paola . Lecciso Flavia . Cortese Claudio Giovanni . Disability as a job resource: The role of job crafting and organizational citizenship behaviours. Towards an approach to value diversity in organizations. BPA Applied Psychology Bulletin. 2022;295(1):42-52. doi:10.26387/bpa.295.1.

Citation tool

How to cite this article

Author Surname Author Initial. Title. Publication Title. Year Published;Volume number(Issue number):Pages Used. doi:DOI Number.


Ingusci Emanuela . Signore Fulvio . Ortiz-Bonnin Silvia . Giaccari Marta . Malerba Federica . Martino Paola . Lecciso Flavia . Cortese Claudio Giovanni . Disability as a job resource: The role of job crafting and organizational citizenship behaviours. Towards an approach to value diversity in organizations. BPA Applied Psychology Bulletin. 2022;295(1):42-52. doi:10.26387/bpa.295.1.