Digital MBSR training for TIN* individuals

Philipp Stang, Martin G. Köllner, Maren Weiss

First published December 12, 2025

Abstract

A mindfulness-based online intervention can be as effective as face-to-face training in Cisgender
persons. This study compares MBSR training effects in TIN* individuals to Cis persons. 236 subjects were divided into
a TIN* experimental group (n = 34) and a Cis group (n = 202), both receiving digital training in the longitudinal study.
All subjects completed questionnaires on their mindfulness skills (Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale – MAAS), life
satisfaction (Fragebogen zur allgemeinen Lebenszufriedenheit – FLZ), and stress and recovery (RESTQ) before and after
training. TIN* individuals also completed the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale (UGDS) at two points. Mindfulness, life
satisfaction with health, and fatigue improved similarly over the training in TIN* and Cis individuals. Gender dysphoria
remained unchanged. TIN* individuals reported more stress, lower life satisfaction, and mindfulness than Cis individuals,
independent of MBSR training. Digital MBSR training is effective for TIN* people. Differential effects compared to Cis
persons weren’t found, but TIN* persons reported higher stress and lower life satisfaction, indicating a need for tailored
interventions.

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Stang Philipp . Köllner Martin G. . Weiss Maren . Digital MBSR training for TIN* individuals. BPA Applied Psychology Bulletin. 2025;11.

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